Toluene, a flammable liquid with a pungent odor, is widely employed as an organic solvent. It is also used as a precursor for synthesizing benzene.
Toluene undergoes alkylation in the presence of modified ZSM (Zeolite Socony Mobil)-5-class zeolite catalysts to form p-xylene with high selectivity. When doped on graphene, it acts as an electron donor leading to alteration in graphene electrical properties due to electrochemical interaction.